Change speed planetary transmission



April 20, 1937. BANKER 2,077,387

CHANGE SPEED PLANETARY TRANSMISSION Original Filed July 16, 1934 2 Sheets-Sheet 1 INVENTOR ATTORNEY5 April 20; 1937.

o. H. BANKER 2,077,387

CHANGE SPEED PLANETARY TRANSMISSION Original Filed July 16, 1934 I 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 INVENTOR BY M9 ATTORNEYS Patented Apr. 20, 1937 PATENT OFFICE 2,077,387 I I CHANGESPEED PLANETARY TRANSMISSION Oscar n. Banker, Chicago, 111., asslgnor to New Products Corporation, Chicago, 111., a corpora-.

tion of Illinois Application July 16, 1934, Serial No. 735.412

Renewed March 22, 1935 13 Claims. (Cl. IL-2 60) .The invention relates to change speedplanetary transmission mechanism.

The general object of the invention is to provide an automatically variable planetary trans- 5 mission unit which may be mounted behind or used in conjunction with the usual gearshift transmission of the vehicle and provide for multiple speed changes.

One of the objects of the invention is to pro- 10 vide a novel clutch arrangement for obtaining direct drive through the unit.

Another object of the invention is to provide a novel arrangement of mechanism for holding the planet .carrier stationary for forward drive 15 and for looking it with the drive and driven shafts to revolve as a unit therewith in reverse-"- Another object of the invention is to provide a Fig. 1 is a vertical sectional view taken on the line i-l of Fig. 2 of mechanism embodying the,

I invention, parts being broken away;

Fig. 2 is a detail sectional view taken on the line Si -2 of Fig. 1;

Fig. 3 is a detail sectional 'view taken on the line 3-3 of Fig. 1.;

Fig. 4 is a detail sectional view'taken on the line 4-4. of Fig. 1; Fig. 5 is a detail view, partly in section, of the 40 main jaw clutch.

Referring to the drawings, the numeral 8 desiE-,

riates' parts of the housing, I thedrive shaft, and 8' the driven shaft of the transmission mechanism.

The drive shaft 1 extends through the hub of 45 the spider 8 of the planetary gear carrienan'd this hulr is mounted ina ball bearing l mounted in the housing 6. The inner 'end of the shaft ismounted in a roller bearing ll carried in the recessed end of the driven shaft 8. r

The planetary carrier also includes a spider I! having a hub portion l3 provided with a bushing I4 journalled on the driven shaft 8.

The drive' shaft I has a gear I formed integral therewith 01 secured thereto meshing with the 55 planet gears Iii which are secured with the planet gears .l to the shafts I8 journaled in ball bearings Hlland 28 respectively in the spiders 8 and I 2. The gears ll mesh with a sun gear 2| formed integral with or secured to the driven shaft 8. The gearing connection thus provided between the shafts l and 8 provides for driving the shaft 8 at a different speed from that of shaft 1, and inthe present instance this gearing ,is a reduction gearing and functions when the planetary gear carrier is held stationary.

For holding the planetary gear carrier stationary or against backward movement, I have provided a one way automatic brake including the actuator 22 provided with the inclined roller receiving grooves 22, brake rollers 23 and brake drum 24. g

The actuator 22 is keyed at 25 to the hub 26 of a clutch element 21, slidably splined at 28 on the hub portion [3 of the planetary carrier.

The brake drum 24 is held in alinementwith the actuator and the rollers retained in position by means of the retainer plates 23 and 30, the plate 30 having the flangedring 3| secured thereto and rotatable with the actuator. The drum 24 is secured against rotation by a splined connection at 32 with a locking ring 33 which also has a similar splined connection at '34 with a stationary member 35, said ring 33 being shiftable relative to parts to which it is keyed through the action of a shifter fork 36 'engageable in the groove 31 of said ring and moved by a manually shiftable rod 38.

With the above described construction when the drum 24 is held against rotationas shown in Fig. 1 and the drive shaft 1 revolves clockwise, the driven shaft 8 will be driven through the gearing and the tendency of the planetary carrier to rotate anticlockwise acts through the actuator 22 to apply the rollers 23 to the drum 24 and hold the planetary carrier stationary.

For direct drive of the shaft 8 speed responsive operated clutch mechanism is provided for looking the carrier to the driven shaft and including a jaw clutch member 39 formed integral with or secured to the driven shaft, and shiftable jaw clutch members 40 forming parts of the'clutch' element 21. The faces ll of these jaw clutch members are pointed as shown in Fig. 5 so that these parts may 'i engageeasily when synchronized. v

The speed responsive means for actuating the clutch member 21 includes a plurality of weighted levers 42 mounted on the planetary carrier and operatively connected to said clutch member. In each instance the lever 42 is pivotally mounted 42 is resisted until apredetermined speed isshaft and the planet gear IE will then look the.

intermediate its ends'on-a pin 4: and has a forked arm 44 straddling the rod and engageable with a thimble 48 slidably mounted on said rod and also slidably mounted in the bore 41 of a tubular projection 48 formed as a part of the spider. Prmire from the lever 42 is transmitted through the thimb1e-48 to a'spring 48 and thence to the rod 45, said spring'beinginterposed" vbetween said thimble and a stop collar '58 on vsaid rod. -Movement of the thimble by the lever reached by a,sprlng 5| interposed between said thimble and a stop screw, 52 in threaded engagement with the bore 41. Each rod 45 is anchored to alug 53 forming part of a jaw clutch member 40, and it will be noted from Fig. 2 that there are three of these equally spaced a rt. Thus rods are o into direct drive, he temporarily decelerates the speedofdriveshaft1tobrlngaboutasynchro-' nization in speed between said shaft and the.

driven shaft, and this then causes the driven shaft to drive the planetary carrier through the gear 2| andina direction to releasethe brake rollers 23 from the drum 24. Asthe carrier rotates with the gear II the weighted levers 42 overcome the re- 7 sistance of the springs 5| and act through the thimbles 46, springs 48 and rods 45 to mbve the clutch element 21 with its clutch members 48.

into podflon for engagement with the mating clutchmember 38 and when these members are synchronlaeth they will engage and then the planetary gear carrier will be locked to the driven carriertothe gear liofthedriveshaft sothat the shafts and gearing will revolve as a unit. Before the clutch members mesh the members 48 may overnm the member 39 through the yielding connections between the 'member 40 and the weights 42 afforded by the springs 48.

If under conditions of direct drive the speed of the vehicle drops below a certain value, the

springs 5| will actonthe thimbles s androds 45 to shift the clutch element 21 to arelease position and bring the weights 4! to their contractedposition. In this connection it is to; be noted that the rods 45 have shoulders 54 against which the thimhles 48 abut for the return of said rods A- shiftable ring ,55 is slidably mounted in the cylinder 56 formed by themember 85 and is disposed to 'work between the retainer ring 38 and the flanged ring 8| so that it moves therewith and is provided with-oppositely berli. Thustherlngl imovesasaunitwith the parts 88, 3|, 22, 23, 24 and the clutch ele- .ment I'lto whichrthe plates 88 and 8| and the actuator-unmanned. Themountingofthe onewaybrakeontheelementllso astomovetherewithprodueesaeompacteonstructionandrduoestieoveralllengthofthede- .70

vice.

l8 are shown disposedstop ilanges5l-workingthroughslots58inthemem- Whenunderoonditionsofdirectdriv eofthe air/7,387

fork 58 with the flanges 57 and the turning of the shaft 60 in a direction to shift said ring and the parts connected thereto" including the member 21 toward the right. The flanges 57 are shown in dotted lines in Fig. 1 in the release position of the clutch member 21 and the shifter fork 58 is shown in its normal inoperative position to permit the automatic engagement of the jaw clutch mechanism as previously described.

To assist in the engagement of the main or jaw clutch and also to permit the driven shaft 8 to act as driver under certain conditions and also prevent free wheeling throng the gearing, I have provided an overrunning or e way clutch including an actuator 5| keyed to the drive shaft 1 and provided with clutch roller receiving re--' .cesses 62 in which the clutch rollers 53 are mounted and adapted when the shaft 1 revolves counterclockwise to be moved in driving engagement with a drum 64 formed as a part of the driven shaft 8;

The-member 351s secured to the casing 8 and has the outer race rings of the Journal bearings 65 and 66- mounted therein; the inner racering of the'bearing 65 receiving the shaft 8 while theinner race ring of the bearing 65 receives the huh I; of the planetary carrier.

For reversethe member 83 is moved toward the right to release it from looking engagement with the brake drum 24 so that the planetary carrier Y may rotate freely in a counterclockwise direction and then the shaft 1 in rotating counterclockwise willdrive the shaft 8 through the overrunning clutch 52,- 68, and 84 and the planet carrier and its gears will then revolve with these shafts in the desired the spider I! hear. brake drum portion 7 s! adapted'to be engaged bya manually applied brake, band 58. The mechanism for controlling .the 'band 58 and preferably in conjimction with the shaft 58 may be of any suitable construction and maybe similarto that shown inmy prior UPS. Patent No. 1,943,293, dated January 16, 1934, for similar parts.

The above described construction provides an under drive unit for use in conjunction with a standard transmission wherein the driven shaft rotates at a one to one ratio with the drive shaft in forward or reverse and may also under automatic and manual control be driven at a reduced gear ratio from said drive shaft.

-I desire it to be imderstood that this invention is not-to be limited to any particular form or arrangement of parts except in sofa'r as such limitations are included in the claims.

- What I claim as myinvention is: 1. In a change speed transmission, thecombination of a"drive,,shaft, a driven shaft, change speed planetary gearing between said shafts for d iving said driven shaft at a different gear ratio anism of the overrunning type for connecting said gearing to revolve as a unit with said shafts for direct drive, speed responsive means controlling saidclutch and an overrunning from that of said drive shaft, jaw clutch mechclutch forming a drive connection between said shafts for reverse drive. i

2. In a change speed on, the combination ofa drlve shaft, a driven shaft, change speed planetary gearingibetween said shafts in 2,077,387 I cluding a planetary gear carrier and spaced sets of planet gears mounted on said carrier, jaw clutch mechanism for connecting said gearing to revolve-as a unit with said shafts for direct drive, and speed responsive mechanism mounted on said carrier in the spaces between said planet gears and operatively connect d to said clutch mechanism. I

3. In a change speed transmission, the combination of a drive shaft, a driven shaft change speed planetary gearing between said shafts in-' eluding a planetary gear carrier, an automatic one way brake mechanism for holding said carrier against backward movement, a jaw clutch mechanism including a shiftable clutch element for connecting said gearing to revolve as a unit with said shafts for direct drive, spe d responsive means controlling said shiftable alutch-element, said shiftable element having said one way brake mechanism mounted thereon.

4. In a change speed transmission, the combination of a drive shaft, a driven shaft, change speed planetary gearing between said shafts for driving said driven shaft at a different ge'ar ratio from that of said drive shaft, jaw clutch mechanism of the overrunning type for connecting said gearing to revolve as a unit with said shafts for direct drive including a shiftable clutch element, speed responsive means controlling said shiftable clutch element, and manually operable means for releasing said clutch element for immediately establishing the drive through said gearing.

5. In a change. speed'transmission, the combination of a drive shaft, a driven shaft, change speed gearing between said shafts, jaw clutch mechanism of the overrunning type for connecting said gearing to revolve as a unit with said shafts including a shiftable clutch element, speed responsive means for actuating said element including a weighted lever, a rod, a member slidably mounted on said rod, a spring connection between said rod and member, and spring means acting on said; member and normally resisting the movement of said weighted lever.

6. In a change speed transmission, the combination of a drive shaft, a driven shaft, change speed planetary gearing between said shafts including a planetary gear carrier and spaced sets of planet gears mounted on said carrier, jaw clutch mechanism connecting said gearing to revolve asa unit with said shafts for direct drive including a shiftable clutch element, an automatic one way brake mechanism for holding said carrier against backward movement and mounted on said shiftable element, and speed responsive mechanism mounted on said carrier in the spaces between said planet gears and operatively connected to said clutch mechanism.

7. In a change speed transmission, the combination of a drive shaft, a driven shaft, change speed planetary gearing between said shafts including a planetarygear carrier, jaw clutch mechanism connecting said gearing to revolve as a unit with said shafts including "a shiftable clutch element, one way automatic brake bination of a drive shaft, a driven shaft, change speed planetary gearing between saidshafts including a planetary gear carrier and spaced, sets of planetary gears, a jaw clutch for connecting said gearing to revolve as a unit with said shafts including a shiftable clutch element, speed responsive means disposed in the spaces between said planet gears for actuating said element and including rods secured to said element, thimbles slidably mounted on said rods, weighted levers pivotally mounted on said carrier and operatively connected to said thimbles, springs providing yielding connections between .,said thimbles and said rods, and spring means, mounted on said carrier and opposing the movement of said thimbles by said weights and having connection through said thimbles with said rods for urging said clutch element to a release position.

9. In a change speed transmission, the combination of a drive shaft, a driven shaft, change speed planetary gearing between said shafts for driving said driven shaft at a different gear ratio from that of said drive shaft, clutch mechanism for connecting said gearing to revolve as aunit with said shafts for direct 'drive, speed responsive means controlling said clutch mechanism,

mechanism for holding said carrier against back ward movement, clutch mechanism for connecting said gearing to revolve as a unit with said shafts for direct drive, speed responsive means controlling said clutch mechanism and operable on a temporary reduction in speed of the driver .gear of said gearing relative to the driven gear,

and an overrunning clutch connection between said shafts preventing free wheeling of said drive shaft.

11. In a change speed transmission, the combination of a drive shaft, a-driven shaft, change speed gearing between said shafts, clutch mechanism for connecting said gearing to revolve as a unit with said shafts including a movable clutch element, speed responsive means for actuating said element including a weighted lever, a rod, a member slidably mounted on said rod, a spring connection between said rod and member, and spring means acting on said member and normally resisting the movement of said weighted lever.

12. In a change speed transmission, the combination of a drive shaft, a driven shaft, change speed planetary gearing between said shafts including a planetary gear carrier, clutch mechanism connecting said gearing to revolve as a unit with said shafts including a shiftable clutch element, one way automatic; brake mechanism for holding said carrieragainst backward movement and mounted on said shiftable element andincluding a brake member, manually releasable means for holding said brake member against rotation, speed responsive mechanism controlling said-clutch mechanism, and'manually operable means for moving said shiftable clutch element.

. 13. In a change speedtransmission, the combination of a drive shaft, a driven shaft, change speed planetary gearing between said shafts for drilling said driven'shaft at a diflerent gear ratio from that of saidriirive shaft, Jaw clutch mecha.-. .nism for connecting said gearing to revolve as a on a. reduction in speed of said drive shaft relative to said driven shaft. operable means for releasing said clutch element for immediately establishing the drive gearing. 

